Resources
On this page, you will find a wealth of information related to the hobbies of telephony, telegraphy, and rail (or at least the links to the information).
Access Level: 1
Telephone Websites
- Western Electric Library
- Bell
- Bell System Memorial
- Telephone World
- Telephone Tribute
- Telephone Archive
- Paul Fassbender
- Manufacture Discontinued
- Elmer Cat
- Strowger Net Archives
- The Telephone File
- The Strowger Telecomms Page
- The Strowger Appreciation Site
- Telephones — Crypto Museum
- Antique Telephone History
- BT Archives
- BT Digital Archives
- Old Telephone Books
- Free Telephony Books
- Pat Fleet
- War Dial
- Telephone Signs
- Telephone Exchange
- Private Line
- X25
- OKI Electric
- Long Lines Map and Information Site
Telephone Pages
- Birth of the Blue Bell Telephone Sign
- Please ID Telephone Sign Font
- The Mobile Telephone In Bell System Service, 1946-1993
- The Emergency Manual Switching System
- A look at the evolution of the Dial Telephone
- Dial Tone
- Call Progress tones from various PBXs
- Seriss Corporation - 1A2 Key Phone System Equipment
- 1A2 Key Phone Systems
- 1A2 Multi-Line Phone Control Card
- Pushbutton Calling with a Two-Group Voice Frequency Code — Bell System Technical Journal
- Telephone exchanges (UK)
- Telephony "Lasts"
- The Dangers of In-Band Signaling
- Western Electric 387W Disk Microphone
- Western Electric Type 387 Carbon Microphone
- Western Electric Type 318-W "Chau-Phone" Microphone
- Western Electric Chau-phone
- Rotary Dial Image
- NT2017: Rotary Cellphone
- Tone Plant
- Outside Plant
- DMS-100 EDRAM
- Richmond, Va. 4A X-BAR
- Siemens & Halske ZBSA11
- Calling 315
Collector Sites
- Computers Are Bad
- Beefchicken Industries
- Phil McCarter's Telephone Switch Restorations
- Cowboy Frank
- Telephones of the Past Century
- Dennis Markham's Classic Rotary Phones
- Dennis Markham's Vintage Rotary Phones
- Telephone Collector Information Domain
- Those Old Phones
- Markus Wandel's Homemade PBX
- Valhalla Farm Magneto Phone System
- Sean Caron
- Old Phone Man
- Doug's Telephones
- JManA9
- Old Phone Guy
- Endless Temple
- WSSH
- Shane's Telephone Pictures
- The Song of the Open Wire
- Heritage Telephone and Exchanges
- pabx.dev
- ShadyTel
- RealModeGeek PhoneStuffs
- Rob Grant's Telephone Pages
- The Security Museum
- Doug's Telephones
- Analog telephone exchange
- DMS 100.net
Geographic
- The Cedar Knoll Telephone & Telegraph Company
- Farmers Telephone Company — Batavia, IA
- Atlanta Telephone History
- Los Angeles Telephone
- The History of the Telephone on Prince Edward Island
- The Norfolk & Carolina Telephone & Telegraph Companies
- Lincolnshire Heritage Telephone Exchange
- The Telephone Box
Museums
- Connections Museum — Seattle (Museum of Communications)
- John K. LaRue (JKL) Museum of Telephony
- JKL Virtual Tour
- WECo Catalog
- Frank H. Woods Telephone Pioneer Association Telephone Museum
- Communications Museum Trust
- The Telephone Museum (Maine)
- The Telephone Museum (Boston)
- New Hampshire Telephone Museum
- Rockland Switchboard & Telephone History Discovery Center
- SMECC - TTYs
Museum Articles
- Bryant Pond, Maine Magneto Exchange
- This Boston museum is off-limits to almost everyone
- An Art Deco makeover
- Uncommon Valor - Verizon Building at 140 West Street, New York City
- Herculean Effort to Restore Verizon Building - 140 West Street - by Ralph Walker
- Dom Pedro II and Alexander Graham Bell
- 200 years of history and 20 million valuable pieces GONE (Brazil)
MIT Dormline
- MIT Dormline Home Page
- The MIT Dormitory Telephone System
- Article from The Tech (1963) about the Dormline numbering plan
- Article from The Tech (1969) about Dormline upgrades
- Article from The Tech (1971) about Dormline upgrades
- Article from The Tech (1985) about dialing free long-distance calls from Dormline
- Article from The Tech (1987) about the new 5ESS to replace Dormline
- A computer controlled telephone dialer
Media
Telephone Documents
- Understanding the Traffic Services Position System (TSPS)
- Telephony magazines
- Telephony Magazines
- TCI Library
- Sam Etler's Telecom Document Repository
- Bell System Documents
- Telecom — The Pumpkin, Douglas A. Kerr
- Old Telephone Publications
- Manuals
- Historic AT&T Teletype Publications
- Popular Mechanics
- Popular Electronics
- American Radio History
- Effectiveness of Error Control in Data Communication over the Switched Telephone Network / A Simulation Study of Routing and Control in Communications Networks
- AUTOVON.org
- AUTOVON — The U.S. Department of Defense Automatic Voice Network
- TSPS speeds operator-assisted calls nationwide
- Cheshire ATT facility
- AT&T Long Lines – A Forgotten System
- AT&T Long Lines Technical History Page
- AT&T Long Lines Microwave Towers
- AT&T Long Lines Map
- The Microwave Radio and Coaxial Cable Networks of the Bell System
- The Bell System's Microwave Radio and Coaxial Cable Networks
- AT&T Long Lines Technology and Equipment
- AT&T Long Lines – A Forgotten System
- Sam's Telecomms Index
- Western Electric Card Catalog
- Ericsson History Sources
- Ericsson LME Review
- Bell Labs Technical Journal
- Bitsavers
- Old-Time Telephones: History, Design, Technology, Restoration - Ralph Meyer
- Origins of Carrier Multiplexing- Major George Owen Squier and AT&T
- The Federal Communications Commission and the Bell System: Abdication of Regulatory Responsibility
- The Project Gutenberg EBook of Cyclopedia of Telephony and Telegraphy
- Amateur Radio
- Electronic Shortcuts For Hobbyists
- ITU-T Recommendations Q.310 through Q.331 - R1 signaling
- Users Guide to the Integrated Analog Trunk Measurements
- An Automatic Transmission Measuring System for Telephone Trunks
- Routine Operations and Maintenance Procedures - Remote Office Test Line
- TV Typewriter Cookbook
- The Telecommunication Journal of Australia
- History of the Telstra Research Laboratories
- Bell Telephone Labs Complex - NYC
Test Lines
Bell System Practices
The Bell System Practices is a compilation of technical publications concerning the Bell System's telephone plants and were key to the standardized service quality throughout the Bell System. After Divestiture, the Practices were divided among the resulting companies under different names.
The Bell System Practices is not a single book. A small library is literally need to store the entire Bell System Practices collection. Today, such libraries are hard, if at all possible, to come by. Practices follow a 9-digit numerical index schema. See the BSP Index (click [show] next to "Section") or download the BSP Index in XLSX format.
Actual availability of the Bell System Practices is not straightforward. To obtain an actual hard copy, you will need to peruse telephone shows and online auction sites to find a used copy. You may also want to consider joining a collector club to obtain help with wiring or troubleshooting. Below are several websites that provide much of the Bell System Practices in PDF format. If you comb through each repository, you will find that many BSPs can be found in multiple places while others are not as common. The repositories listed below are typically volunteer-run and are not equally comprehensive in scope.
Telephone Numbering & Area Codes
- Real Yellow Pages — Download PDF of Yellow Pages, White Pages, etc.
- DexPages — Download PDF of Yellow Pages, White Pages, etc.
- TelcoData Telecommunications Database
- Local Calling Guide
- Detailed Telephone Prefix Locations in Any Area Code
- LincMad Telephone Area Codes & Splits
- All Area Codes
- Area Code Database
- Toronto telephone exchange geography
- Montréal telephone exchange geography
- World Telephone Numbering Guide
- Eight Digit US telephone numbers [Telecom Digest]
- Telephone EXchange Name Project
- Telephone EXchange Name
- New York Telephone Exchange Names
- The Oddities of Area Codes
- Explanation of numbering constraints imposed by Strowger switches
- NANPA PL-519 (689 and 407/321 overlay)
- A Conspiracy Theory About Area Codes - A Conspiracy Theory About Area Codes
- R. J. Keevers - Area Codes - First 30 Years
- Original NPAs
- Mountain Bell Telephone Directory
- Telephone Country Codes: A Shorthand History of the World
- It's All About The Trunks
Long Distance Dial-Around
Test Numbers
Central Offices
- Inside your local Phone Company
- Inside the BT Telephone Exchange
- Telephone Central Office Building Pictures
- Central Office Pictures
- Telephone Central Offices in Maryland and the District of Columbia
- List of Central Office Switches By Telephone Company
- Illinois Central Offices
- List of all voice switches with exchanges in service
- Switch Types & Locations — Etler
- Networks of Philly
- Outside Plant: Aerial
- Outside Plant: Underground
World's Fair
- Showcasing Technology at the 1964-1965 New York World's Fair
- Communications Planning For Your Exhibit (1964-1965)
- The Picturephone Story (1964-1965)
- Feature of Bell System Exhibit (1964-1965)
- 1964-1965 World's Fair — Bell System, pg. 1
- 1964-1965 World's Fair — Bell System, pg. 2
- 1964-1965 World's Fair — Bell System, pg. 3
- 1964-1965 World's Fair — Bell System, pg. 4
- 1964-1965 World's Fair — Bell System, pg. 5
- 1939 World's Fair — Bell System
- Building the Bell System Pavilion
- World's Fair Pictures
College Radio Stations
Teletypes & TTY
Payphones
- PTS Phone Services
- PTS Contact
- PTS About
- The Phone Booth
- Payphone Project
- O’Hare Airport Has Payphones: Lots of Them
- There are New Payphones at Penn Station
- (212) 477-3063 Is The New (702) 992-9550
- Station Replay: Payphone Radio
- Payphone Numbers List
- Train Phones
- Pay Phone Directory
- Payphone Help (Payphone Supplier)
- Protel Manuals — PAYPHONE411
- Payphone Programming
- Protel ExpressNet
- Notes on Western Electric (Bell System) Coin Telephone Locks
- Notes on Western Electric (Bell System) Coin Telephone Locks (archived copy)
- PhilTel
- FUTEL
- DosLab Telecommunications Free Dial-Up Service
- Everyone & Pay Phones
New York City Phone Booths
- A Booth Where You Might Dial Butterfield 8 - 12/20/1998
- And Then There Were Four: Phone Booths Saved on Upper West Side Sidewalks - 2/10/2016
- Upper West Sider Pens Tale of the 'Lonely Phone Booth'
- Last call for the phone booth?
- The Lonely Phone Booth, by Peter Ackerman (2010, Hardcover)
Payphones Today
- What Killed the Pay Phone?
- Listening In on a Pay Phone in Queens
- Payphone's last call hasn't yet come
- Payphones Still Make Millions of Dollars
- In the age of cell phones, pay phones get a new number
- Pennsylvania Turnpike hanging up on pay phones
- Verlot ranger station pay phone removed, then reinstalled
- There are still 100,000 pay phones in America
- Siri, what's a pay phone?
- Search for the elusive pay phone finds few hanging on in Omaha
- Pay phones as rare as unicorns, but still exist
- Hear What Every Neighborhood Was Like 20 Years Ago from Any Payphone in Manhattan
- Old Payphone Advertisement
- Payphone Comic
Mojave Phone Booth
KZSU
VoIP
- Asterisk — VoIP Info
- SIP For Dummies
- Asterisk Forums
- Asterisk Project Wiki
- The Asterisk Book
- Asterisk: The Definitive Guide - 4th ed.
- Asterisk Docs
- VoIP Dial Plan Tester
- Explaining Dial Plans — Cisco
- The Phreakshow Telephone Company
- C*NET IAX Connection
- The Coin Operated Pre-Pay Telephone
- Dumb Pay Stations and Asterisk
- Payphone Project
- Western Electric 1D/2D Payphone Controller for Asterisk
- Payphone Connection to Asterisk PBX System
- Breathe New Life Into Payphones with Asterisk
- Manager for the Nortel Millennium series of payphones
- SIPTABLEs — SIP Hardening
- Securing Your Asterisk VoIP Server with IPTables
- Securing Asterisk
- In-Call Control of Ancillary Systems with Asterisk
- Hack a VOIP Box Into a Telephone Intercom
- Pat Fleet Audio — Asterisk
- Speaking Clock Audio Files — Asterisk
- TIM2015
- Sounds — C*NET
- The Gotcha-Free PBX: GVsip Gateway Service for Google Voice
- Google Hangouts — DSL Reports
- VoIP Digit Map
Tools
Products & Manuals
- Principles of Telegraphy (Teletypewriter)
- Telephone Test and Interface Equipment
- ETC — The Voice of the Network
- PBX Mechanic
- Multiple Level Precedence and Preemption (MLPP) Installation, Feature Description, and Administration for Avaya Communication Manager
- V&H — Telcordia Routing Administration
- BT Qwertyphone
- Mitel SMART-1 Compact
- The Mitel Archive
- arcareach Sigma S-Bus Extender
- KX-T77 Series Telephone User Guide
- KX-T7000 Series Telephone Quick Guide
- KX-T7030 Telephone Reference Manual
- AT&T CL2909
- AT&T CL2909 User Manual
- Communications Manufacturing Company
- Windtalker IV Manual
- Interalia - The VOICE Operation Manual
- Proslic® Programmable CMOS SLIC/Codec with Ringing/Battery Voltage Generation
- SENSAPHONE® 1100 Desktop Monitoring System
- Axxess II Users Manual
How Does It Work?
- Kellogg Virtual Branch Exchange
- All You Wanted to Know About T1 But Were Afraid to Ask
- Phone Line Basics
- Phone Line Basics: Revisited
- Analog Telephony Compliance Requirements Overview
- Analog Lines & Trunks
- PBX Ground Path Tests
- What are Analog DID Lines?
- Understanding and Troubleshooting Analog E&M Start Dial Supervision Signaling
- Voice Network Signaling and Control
- The Sounds of Dialup Modems and Related Equipment
- 911 Answer Delays - Ready, Set, NO!
- TTY Intercept
- How Revertive Pulsing Works
- How the Internet Travels Across Oceans
- The first undersea transatlantic cable: An audacious project that (eventually) succeeded, Part 1
- The Modular Connector and How It Got That Way
- History of the RJ45: A Case of Mistaken Identity
Phone Wiring How-To
Support, Service & Sales (Refurbishers & Resellers)
- Sandman
- Old Phone Works
- Antique and Vintage Telephones — Collectors Weekly
- Frill Free Phones
- Bold Old Phones
- PHONECO, Inc.
- Phone Vault
- Payphone.com
- Corded Telephones — SmithGear
- Corded Telephones — Stop Smart Meters!
- Ericofon
- DMS-10 Family
- Steve Hilz Telephone Repair
- A-1 Telephone
- We Do Phones
- Shop Goodwill
- Cortelco 2500/2554
- Telephone Color Chart
- Telephone Leasing
- Premier Product Catalog
Modern Phone Companies
- Current Independent Telephone Companies
- AT&T Prime Access Resource Library
- AT&T — Local Calling Area Search
- AT&T Consumer Services
- AT&T Business Service Guide
- AT&T Service Library
- Analog Trunks — Verizon
- Nationwide Number Portability — Verizon
Distinctive Ring @VoIP
Services via Phone
Articles
- The Yellow Pages “Walking Fingers”: The Most Famous Symbol Never Trademarked
- I made 56874 calls to explore the telephone network. Here’s what I found.
- AT&T’s Golden Age of Training
- The 17 Designs That Bell Almost Used for the Layout of Telephone Buttons
- Out There in Never-Bell Land; Where Phone Service Is Way Above Average, and Competitive
- Tiny Town Phone Service Comes With Customer Service
- I Became A Bell System Operator 35 Years Ago Today
- Still have a landline? Maybe you should keep it
- Helena’s historic time and temperature line lives on under new ownership
- What's going on with this high-security telecom building next to the South Street Bridge
- City of Silence – The day the phones went silent
- City of Silence
- The Portsmouth Strike: Ohio's Hot Potato
- Inside the Hidden World of Elevator Phone Phreaking
- Collectors hook up legacy phone gear with modern packet equipment. (2006
- Old phones about making connections
- Chantry Flats Crank Telephone System
- Pagers, Pay Phones, and Dialup: How We Communicated on 9/11
- 10 Aspects of Old Telephones That Might Confuse Younger Readers
- Hanging on the Telephone
- An Elegy for the Landline in Literature
- What were phones like in the 1960s?
- How much did a long distance call cost in the 1950s?
- Harold W. Goff, 87, Bell Labs Inventor
- What Killed Ma Bell? (1984-04-01)
- Inside the New York Telephone Company (1970-03-12)
- The Women of the Telephone Company (1970-03-26)
- Working for the Telephone Company (1971-05-06)
- The Line You Have Reached… DISCONNECT IT! (1983 Phone Strike)
- Illinois Bell Center Hit By Fire Was A Crucial One (1988-05-10)
- 1988 Phone Crisis Tied To 1 Broken Power Line (1989-03-11)
- Bell System logo redesign, by Saul Bass
- Defunct Designs: The Bell System Logo
- Dialing Around: How Rotary Phones Shaped the Distribution of US Area Codes
- Remember When You Could Call the Time?
- Yes, you can still call for the time and temperature
- When 911 Was Started In New York
- America's First [Intracontinental] Phone Call
- The End of the Hangup
- Antique Telephone Collector Gary Goff Talks Candlesticks and Desk Sets — Collectors Weekly
- Barbed Wire Telephone Lines Brought Isolated Homesteaders Together
- Atrocious but efficient: How ranchers used barbed wire to make phone calls
- Zenith Meant Highway Emergency
- The Master Designer Who Gave the Area Code Its Parentheses
- “Keep mustache out of the opening”: a history of phone etiquette
- Tom Purcell: The higher tech gets, the ruder we get
- Column: A boring landline re-enters my world
- The Digital Revolution Has Destroyed the Usefulness of Telephones
- The Owseichik family's first telephone
- Dial ‘N’ for Nostalgia, and Never giving up my rotary telephone
- Dial M for 'Museum': Collection features phones from the past
- 47 Hottest Phones of All Time
- Saying Goodbye To An Old Friend
- Do you remember leasing a landline telephone from Indiana Bell?
- Please listen carefully as our menu options have changed
- Retro Indy: Rotating the Indiana Bell building
- Like Building Refrigerators: Bell Labs and the End of Game-Changing Innovation
- How Bell Labs Invented the World We Live in Today
- The Ghost of Invention: A Visit to Bell Labs
- True Innovation
- Was Breaking Up AT&T a good idea?
- 10 years after Divestiture by AT&T
- Blackout brings citizens in the city together in 1965
- When NYC went dark in 1965: The Great Northeast Blackout in photos
- The day telephones fell silent across North America
- The Line on Call Waiting (6/18/1991)
- What is “Open Wire” Communications?
- Don't want Call Waiting, want busy signal instead
- A Tragic Mistake: Phil Lucier
- Free phone booth at Burning Man
- This unconnected phone helps people reach out to lost loved ones
- Throwing the Switch: A Legacy of Innovation Guiding Our Next-Gen Network Design (1ESS)
- The Great Lightbulb Conspiracy
- Their Secret for Workplace Zen? Landlines and Ethernet Cords
- Living without electricity - One city’s experience of coping with loss of power
- The Philadelphia Story Learning from a Municipal Wireless Pioneer
- Netheads vs. bellheads redux: the strange victory of SIP over the telephone network
List-Servs
- PhreakNet
- C*NET
- Telephone Collectors International
- Antique Telephone Collectors Association (Members Only)
- Antique Telephone Collectors Association (Public)
- Telephone Collecting
- The Telephone Exchange
- Telinterest Group
- Central Office
- Western Electric
- Strowger
- Telephone EXchange Name Project
- TELECOM Digest & Archives
- TELECOM Digest Technical Archives
Other
- Tymnet
- Old Phones… Old Phone Numbers…
- 1959 Bremen, Indiana, telephone subscription rates
- Long distance rates during the Bell monopoly
- pacbellmail.net - Phone out of service? Give us a call
- DTMF “Touch” Tones are Music to the Ears of this Stamp Transmit/Receive Circuit
- Telephone Songs
- Phone songs
- Phone Songs
- Frequencies of the Telephone Tones
- A Vaccine Against Telemarketers?
- The Sound of Dial-Up
- The Shortwave Radio Audio Archive
- The Book of Broken Promises
- The Old CATV Equipment Museum
- FCCss for Precise & Rreliable 360º~ Time, Information, Weather & Alerts
- Hawthorne Font
- Type Composition
- Routed Gothic Font
- 3D Printed Telephone Logos
- Phone Losers of America
- How Quirky is Berkeley? Anachronisms
- New Jersey Bell Telephone Bill from January 1971
- Illinois Bell Telephone Bill from December 1946
- Slide Rule Universe
- The Ballad of Captain Crunch
- Hey, What's That?
- How come you see #2 pencils but no #1 pencils?
- My 60s TV
- The Story of the Harry Bennett Lodge
- Documentary (PBS): Wyoming's Communication Pioneers (26m56s)
- #104 The Case of the Phantom Caller
- #167 America's Hottest Talkline
- The Man Who Beat AT&T
Organizations
MorseKOB & Telegraphy over IP
General
- Western Union
- Some Kind of Quest
- Telegram & Cable Co.
- Westbound Stage
- Bring a Vintage Telegraph Into the Digital Age
- The Telegraph Office
- Telegraph History
- Telegraph Lore
- Wireless Warrior
- History of the U.S. Telegraph Industry
- Why is the word "stop" used in telegram messages so much?
- Marine Radio History (Morse Code) — SOS from ms PRINSENDAM
- John C. Barclay: Western Union's Chief Engineer, 1902-1910
- American Rails
- The Memoirs of Chris Hausler
- Railroad Stories
- Saturday Afternoon at JO
- A Polar Duplex Half-Repeater Arranged for Dial-Up Morse Service
- The Railroad Man's Magazine
- Railfan
- Ridgway Railroad Museum
- Ouray County Ranch History Museum
- Tennessee Valley Railroad
- Livonia, Avon, & Lakeville Railroad Corp.
- New England Wireless & Steam Museum
- New York Times Morse Wire Last Day 1951
- Research Resources for the History of Telegraphy And the Work of Women in the Telegraph Industry
- Morgan's Elk Creek Enterprises
- The Railway Mail Service Library
- Cable Keys — Telegraph Keys
Documents
- Rates for telegrams from Victoria, B.C.
- NRHS News
- NRHS Telegraph
- An Algorithm for Decoding American Morse
- How To Build Simple Telegraph Sets
- How To Build A Simple Wireless Telegraph Set
- The Telegraph Instructor
- Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania — Research
- General Code of Operating Rules
- Locomotive Horn Signals
- D&RGW Employee Timetables
- Sell's Directory of Registered Telegraphic Addresses
- Sell's directory of registered telegraphic addresses with telephone numbers and classified trades
- Sell's Directory
- Do You Have Prince Albert in a Can?
- Communications World 1976 Fall-Winter
- High Sensitivity Crystal Set
- Fair Radio Sales Catalog WS-93
- Fair Radio Sales Catalog M-61
Codes
Pictures
- Vintage Telegrams — 1890s-1960s
- June 1941. "Coaling station on railroad at Nampa, Idaho."
- Narrow gauge railway yards, train and water tank at Telluride, Colorado (Sept. 1940)
- Station of the Denver & Rio Grande Western Railroad at Ouray, Colorado (Sept. 1940)
- Railway station at Ophir, Colorado (Sept. 1940)
- Railroad yards at Durango, Colorado (Sept. 1940)
- Mr. T.J. Long, president of the Tri-County Farmers Co-op Market (Sept. 1940)
- Coast Line operator (1957)
- Erie Depot
- UPRR Pole Line
Fire & Police Call Boxes
Wireless Telegraphy & Radio (Marconi, Spark Gap Transmitters, etc.)
- American Radio History
- Wireless World Magazine
- The Radio Historian
- Western Electric — The Broadcast Archive
- Amateur Radio Station WJ1B
- Marconigraph
- US Early Radio History
- Maritime Radio Historical Society
- Jack Binns — Wireless Hero
- The Sounds of a Spark Transmitter
- Massie Station PJ
- A Virtual Spark Transmitter!
- How Amateur Radio Sank the Titanic
- How the Titanic Disaster Forever Changed Telecommunications
Articles
- How the Postman Almost Owned E-Mail
- Time in a box – Union Station prepares to retire a vast interlocking system that’s guided every train in and out of Toronto for almost 90 years
- Morse Code’s Vanquished Competitor: The Dial Telegraph
- Future not dashed for morse code as former postal clerk helps bring it to a new generation
- Telegraph club celebrates Morse's birthday in the Dells
- Revisited: An encrypted telegram from Mount Everest
- Human speech may have a universal transmission rate: 39 bits per second
- How To Build Simple Telegraph Sets
- How To Build A Simple Telegraph Set